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101.
四川茂县土地岭大熊猫走廊带植被恢复格局及其与干扰的关系 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过样带调查和TWINSPAN、DCCA分析,从植物种、植物群落及其多样性与环境关系方面,研究了岷江上游土地岭大熊猫走廊带恢复植被的干扰状况。结果表明:应用TWINSPAN分类,并结合优势种组成、干扰状况分析及DCCA排序,可将植被划分为6个群落类型,同时划分出响应型、迟钝型、中度干扰忍耐型和重度干扰忍耐型4类干扰响应的植物类型。以样方物种和以样方多样性指数的DCCA分析结果基本一致,物种及群落的空间分布呈明显的聚集格局,反映其与环境因子间的密切关系。DCCA排序图上,海拔差、坡形、与公路距离、坡度及道路条数对群落和物种分布有明显的影响,与干扰相关性最大的坡度、样地道路数目、与公路间的距离3个因子反映了植被的干扰梯度。干扰对土地岭恢复植被影响显著,干扰降低了群落的物种多样性,同时阻碍了演替进程。 相似文献
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Adrien P. Genoud Yunpeng Gao Gregory M. Williams Benjamin P. Thomas 《Journal of biophotonics》2019,12(10)
Improving the survey of mosquito populations is of the utmost importance to further enhance mitigation techniques that protect human populations from mosquito‐borne diseases. While mosquito populations are generally studied using physical traps, stand‐off optical sensors allow to study insect ecosystems with potentially better spatial and temporal resolution. This can be greatly beneficial to eco‐epidemiological models and various mosquito control programs. In this contribution, we demonstrate that the gravidity of female mosquitoes can be identified from changes in their spectral and polarimetric backscatter cross sections. Among other predictive variables, the wing beat frequency and the depolarization ratio of the mosquito body allows for the identification of gravid females with a precision and recall of 86% and 87%, respectively. Since female mosquitoes need a blood meal to become gravid, statistics on gravidity is of prime importance as only females that have been gravid might carry infectious diseases. In addition, it allows to detect possible breeding habitat, predict a potential increase in the mosquito population and provide a better overall understanding of the ecosystem dynamics. As a result, targeted and localized mitigation techniques can be used, reducing the cost and improving the efficiency of mosquito population control. 相似文献
105.
Chiu‐Mei Hsueh Hung‐Ming Lin Te‐Yu Tseng Yao‐De Huang Hsuan‐Shu Lee Chen‐Yuan Dong 《Journal of biophotonics》2019,12(2)
Second‐order susceptibility (SOS) microscopy is used to image and characterize chondrogenesis in cultured human mesenchymal stem cells. SOS analysis shows that the SOS tensor ratios can be used to characterize type I and II collagens in living tissues and that both collagen types are produced at the onset of chondrogenesis. Time‐lapse analysis shows a modulation of extracellular matrix results in a higher rate in increase of type II collagen, as compared to type I collagen. With time, type II collagen content stabilizes at the composition of 70% of total collagen content. SOS microscopy can be used to continuously and noninvasively monitor the production of collagens I and II. With additional development, this technique can be developed into an effective quality control tool for monitoring extracellular matrix production in engineered tissues. 相似文献
106.
This paper summarizes results from two large lung cancer studies comprising over 700 samples that demonstrate the ability of spectral histopathology (SHP) to distinguish cancerous tissue regions from normal tissue, to differentiate benign lesions from normal tissue and cancerous lesions, and to classify lung cancer types. Furthermore, malignancy‐associated changes can be identified in cancer‐adjacent normal tissue. The ability to differentiate a multitude of normal cells and tissue types allow SHP to identify tumor margins and immune cell infiltration. Finally, SHP easily distinguishes small cell lung cancer (SCLC) from non‐SCLC (NSCLC) and provides a further differentiation of NSCLC into adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas with an accuracy comparable of classical histopathology combined with immunohistochemistry. Case studies are presented that demonstrates that SHP can resolve interobserver discrepancies in standard histopathology. 相似文献
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Ahmad Golaraei Kamdin Mirsanaye Yeji Ro Serguei Krouglov Margarete K. Akens Brian C. Wilson Virginijus Barzda 《Journal of biophotonics》2019,12(1)
Polarization‐dependent second‐harmonic generation (P‐SHG) microscopy is used to characterize molecular nonlinear optical properties of collagen and determine a three‐dimensional (3D) orientation map of collagen fibers within a pig tendon. C6 symmetry is used to determine the nonlinear susceptibility tensor components ratios in the molecular frame of reference and , where the latter is a newly extracted parameter from the P‐SHG images and is related to the chiral structure of collagen. The is observed for collagen fibers tilted out of the image plane, and can have positive or negative values, revealing the relative polarity of collagen fibers within the tissue. The P‐SHG imaging was performed using a linear polarization‐in polarization‐out (PIPO) method on thin sections of pig tendon cut at different angles. The nonlinear chiral properties of collagen can be used to construct the 3D organization of collagen in the tissue and determine the orientation‐independent molecular susceptibility ratios of collagen fibers in the molecular frame of reference. 相似文献
108.
Yao Zhang Austin J. Moy Xu Feng Hieu T. M. Nguyen Jason S. Reichenberg Mia K. Markey James W. Tunnell 《Journal of biophotonics》2019,12(12)
Diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) is a noninvasive, fast, and low‐cost technology with potential to assist cancer diagnosis. The goal of this study was to test the capability of our physiological model, a computational Monte Carlo lookup table inverse model, for nonmelanoma skin cancer diagnosis. We applied this model on a clinical DRS dataset to extract scattering parameters, blood volume fraction, oxygen saturation and vessel radius. We found that the model was able to capture physiological information relevant to skin cancer. We used the extracted parameters to classify (basal cell carcinoma [BCC], squamous cell carcinoma [SCC]) vs actinic keratosis (AK) and (BCC, SCC, AK) vs normal. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve achieved by the classifiers trained on the parameters extracted using the physiological model is comparable to that of classifiers trained on features extracted via Principal Component Analysis. Our findings suggest that DRS can reveal physiologic characteristics of skin and this physiologic model offers greater flexibility for diagnosing skin cancer than a pure statistical analysis. Physiological parameters extracted from diffuse reflectance spectra data for nonmelanoma skin cancer diagnosis. 相似文献
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草地地上生物量是影响其生态系统功能最重要的因素之一, 也是草地生态学研究中不可或缺的监测指标。草地地上生物量监测多采用收割法进行, 但这种破坏性取样方法会对研究区域带来巨大干扰, 尤其是面积较小的长期定位监测或者控制实验研究样地, 从而使得地上生物量监测的频次受到很大限制。因此, 通过获取某些原位易测变量, 建立地上生物量的估算方法具有重要意义。该研究依托内蒙古典型草地刈割控制实验平台, 通过数码照片获取不同土地利用方式下的植被覆盖度, 并对样方内的叶面积指数、植被高度、物种多样性等参数进行了测定, 最后利用一元回归模型、逐步回归模型和随机森林模型对地上生物量进行估算。结果表明, 植被覆盖度、叶面积指数、植被平均高度、植被最大高度和物种丰富度是影响地上生物量的主要驱动因素。通过构建适宜于本地的逐步回归模型, 可以实现草地地上生物量的准确预测。在该研究区域中, 预测模型的决定系数(R2) = 0.91, 均方根误差(RMSE) = 35.60 g·m-2。该研究提供了一种快速、准确且非破坏性测定草地地上生物量的方法, 可作为传统收割法的有效补充。 相似文献